The process of inserting a probe into a cancerous tumour to freeze and destroy cancer cells. Sometimes called cryosurgery.

A substance (e.g. chemotherapy) that is toxic to cells.

Abnormal cells in the breast ducts that may increase the risk of developing invasive breast cancer.

The cells lining the cervical canal.

Changes in the cells of the cervix.

Layers of cells covering internal and external surfaces of the body, including the ovaries.

The use of high-energy radioactive beams to kill cancer cells or injure them so they cannot multiply. The beams of radiation are directed at the cancer from a machine.

Cancer that occurs in urothelial cells. It can start in the renal pelvis of the kidney, the ureter or the bladder. Sometimes called transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)….