The prevention or treatment of disease using substances that alter the immune system’s response. This is a type of biological therapy.

The removal of a small sample of tissue from the body for examination under a microscope to help diagnose a disease.

A type of laparotomy surgery in which the surgeon looks in the body for evidence of disease or by taking a tissue sample.

…the breast. A malignant tumor is a group of cancer cells that can grow into (invade) surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body. The disease occurs almost entirely in women, but men can get it, too….

The identification and naming of a disease.

The extent of a cancer and whether the disease has spread from an original site to other parts of the body.