A pair of organs in the abdomen. The kidneys remove waste from the blood and make urine. The kidneys also produce hormones that stimulate red blood cell production and control calcium levels.

Proteins in a cell that bind to specific hormones.

The tiny units that govern the way the body’s cells grow and behave. Genes are found in every cell of the body and are inherited from both parents.

A type of glial cell.

A type of programmed (normal) cell death. This is the body’s normal way of getting rid of damaged, unneeded or unwanted cells.

Treatments that attack specific weaknesses of cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. These treatments use drugs or other substances to selectively target proteins or other molecules involved in cancer cell growth. Two types of targeted therapies are drug therapies and…