Surgery done through small cuts in the abdomen using a laparoscope (a thin telescopic instrument) for viewing. Also called keyhole surgery.

A technique to create images of bones on a computer screen. A small amount of radioactive dye is injected into a vein. It collects in the bones and is detected by a scanning machine.

A small passage that carries air into the outer parts of the lungs.

The small cartilage flap in your throat that prevents food or fluid from going down the wrong way.

An operation that connects the small bowel to a surgically created opening (stoma) in the abdomen.

The lowest section of the small bowel; transfers waste to the large bowel.

The long, tube-shaped organ in the abdomen that is part of the digestive tract. The bowel has two parts: the small and large bowel. The large bowel includes the colon and the rectum.

A type of thoracic surgery performed using a small video camera which is inserted, along with the operating instruments, through separate holes in the chest wall, known as ports….

A type of surgery for selected small rectal cancers. The surgeon operates through the anus to remove the cancer without cutting into the abdomen.

Also called lymph glands. Small, beanshaped structures that form part of the lymphatic system. They collect and destroy bacteria and viruses.