The removal of some lymph nodes in the armpit, to check whether cancer has spread.

Lymph nodes in and around the armpit.

Breast tissue that extends into the armpit.

See cording.

…weeks, and these remained equal at six, 12 and 24 months. “Many patients experience long-term complications post-surgery, including reduced urinary and bowel control, erectile dysfunction and elevated psychological distress. “As technology, surgery, oncology, and radiation advances, we hope this will…

Surgery done through small cuts in the abdomen using a laparoscope (a thin telescopic instrument) for viewing. Also called keyhole surgery.

…Fawcett J, Leggett B, Leggett C, Tian K, Sklavos T, Smithers BM. Hospital characteristics associated with better ‘quality of surgery’ and survival following oesophagogastric cancer surgery in Queensland: a population-level study. ANZ Journal of Surgery. 2020. doi: 10.1111/ans.16397. Read more…

Surgery to remove part of the breast. Also called a lumpectomy.

A type of surgery for cancers that can be accessed through the nasal cavity. Tissue is removed using an endoscope and no surgical cuts need to be made.

A surgical technique that involves several small cuts instead of one large cut on the abdomen. Also called keyhole or laparoscopic surgery….