When your child is diagnosed

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What happens after diagnosis?

Finding out that your child has cancer can feel overwhelming. You may hear a lot of new information at a time when it is difficult to take everything in. You do not need to understand everything straight away. Your child’s healthcare team will explain what they know, what happens next, and who you can contact with questions.

Your child will be referred to a specialist team

Children and young people with cancer are usually treated at a specialist children’s hospital.

The doctors involved may include a:

  • paediatric oncologist, who treats children with cancer,
  • paediatric haematologist, who treats blood cancers and blood disorders,
  • paediatric surgeon, if your child requires an operation,
  • paediatric neurosurgeon, if the brain or nervous system is involved.

Your child will also be supported by nurses and other health professionals. These may include social workers, psychologists, pharmacists, dietitians, physiotherapists and occupational therapists.

More tests or surgeries may be needed

Your child may need more tests or surgeries before or after your child receives a diagnosis. These tests or surgeries help the team:

  • Confirm the type of cancer
  • Understand where it is in the body
  • Find out whether it has spread
  • Choose the most suitable treatment
  • Implant devices that will support treatment.

List ViewThe healthcare team treating your child will explain each test or surgery before it happens. Ask them what the test or surgery is for, what your child may feel and how you can help your child prepare.

It is okay to ask questions

You may find it useful to:

  • Write down your questions.
  • Take notes during appointments.
  • Ask someone you trust to come with you.
  • Ask the team to explain unfamiliar words.
  • Request written information to read later.

There is no such thing as a silly question. It is okay to ask the same question again if you do not understand or cannot remember the answer.

Talking to your child about cancer

Talking to your child about cancer may feel like one of the most difficult conversations you have needed to have with your child.

Many parents worry about saying the wrong thing or frightening their child further. In reality, most children already sense that something has changed. They notice hospital visits, tests and changes in how the adults around them are feeling.
Being honest, using simple words and answering questions as they are asked can help your child feel safe and supported.

Resources, such as these books by Angus Olsen, can help explain types of cancer and treatments.

How much should I tell my child?

The amount of information you tell your child depends on their age and understanding. Young children usually need simple explanations about what is happening today. Older children and teenagers often want more detailed information and may ask more difficult questions. You do not have to explain everything at once. It is okay to have several conversations over time.

Keep explanations simple

Use words your child understands.

For example, you might say:
“The doctors found some sick cells in your body. These cells are called cancer. The medicine is used to help get rid of those sick cells.”

Pause often and let your child ask questions.

If you don’t know an answer, it is okay to say:
“I’m not sure yet, but we’ll find out together.”

Reassure your child

Children often worry about things they never say aloud. They may wonder:

  • Did I cause this?
  • Is it my fault?
  • Will I get better?
  • Will someone stay with me?

Reassure your child that:

  • Nothing they did caused the cancer.
  • They are loved.
  • They will not face this alone.
  • There are many people helping to care for them.

Children often return to the same questions again and again. This can be expected as your child learns more about the situation.