Staying safe at home

Male Lifesyle Backyard Queenslander House-00449

In our homes and communities, we can be exposed to substances that may increase our risk of developing preventable cancers. Understanding and managing these risks can help you to lower your risk factors and stay safe.

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Common environmental cancer risks

While there are many factors that can lead to a cancer diagnosis, there are measures you can take to stay as safe as possible.

Asbestos fibres in home renovation

When breathed in, asbestos fibres can cause serious health risks, potentially leading to lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, mesothelioma, and ovarian cancer. These fibres can be released during:

  • Accidental damage to asbestos-containing materials.
  • DIY home renovations.
  • Unsafe handling of asbestos materials.

You can stay safe by:

  • Downloading the free ACM Check app either from the App Store or Google Play to identify potential asbestos in your home.
  • Always use licensed professionals for asbestos removal.
  • Never attempt to remove asbestos yourself.
  • Be aware that drilling holes in asbestos can release the fibres.

If you think you’ve been exposed to asbestos, take action:

  • Let your doctor know about any possible asbestos exposure.
  • Register your exposure: the National Asbestos Exposure Register keeps a record of potential exposures.
  • Stay aware of any changes to your health and seek medical advice if needed.

Second-hand tobacco smoke

Second-hand tobacco smoke is the harmful combination of smoke from a burning cigarette and the smoke exhaled by a smoker. It contains over 7,000 chemicals, with 69 known to cause cancer. There is no safe level of exposure, even outdoors. This environmental risk can lead to:

  • Lung cancer
  • Respiratory disease
  • Heart disease
  • Stroke

Protect yourself and those around you by:

  • Keeping your house and car smoke-free.
  • Protecting children and babies from exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke.
  • Supporting smoke-free spaces in your community.
  • Supporting smokers you know to quit.

Third-hand tobacco smoke

In homes, third-hand smoke accumulates on surfaces, furniture, and dust, persisting for months or even years after smoking has stopped. Second-hand smoke is inhaled, but third-hand smoke can be inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. Children are particularly at risk due to their time spent indoors, close contact with contaminated surfaces, frequent hand-to-mouth activities, and physical contact with smoking parents, whose clothes, hair, and skin may carry residues.

To minimise risks, enforce a strict no-smoking rule indoors, avoid bringing contaminated items inside, and prioritise creating a smoke-free environment to protect household members. While deep cleaning and ventilation can help, they may not fully remove harmful residues. With third-hand smoke being an emerging area of research, household members should remain cautious and prioritise smoke-free environments to protect themselves and other members of the household.

Quitting smoking or vaping is hard, but there is a lot of support to help you. Learn more

UV radiation in Australia

In Queensland, the UV index reaches 3 or above every day of the year. This means UV radiation is strong enough to cause skin damage daily, even during winter or on cloudy days.
Below, we’ve listed tips to protect yourself around the home, but it’s also crucial to follow the five key sun protection measures.

Learn more about the five key sun protection measures.

UV radiation through glass

All types of commercial and car window glass block the majority of UVB radiation, but UVA radiation can still pass through. How much UVA passes through depends on the type and thickness of the glass. Both UVA and UVB radiation are linked to the development of skin cancer.

UV radiation through glass

Car windows offer varying levels of UV protection:

  • Clear or tinted films can reduce over 99% of UV radiation. Film and tint applied to car windows must meet Queensland’s regulations for window tinting.
  • Fabric side window covers can provide shade and some UV protection, but their effectiveness varies depending on the material’s weave, density and design. Look for tightly woven materials in darker colours, and use in combination with other sun protection measures, such as sunscreen, sunglasses, and long-sleeved clothing.
  • The amount of protection provided by films and window covers depend on the product and are only effective when windows are closed.

If you spend long hours driving, additional sun protection is important for when you’re both inside and outside the vehicle:

  • Clothing: Wear long-sleeved shirts or driving sleeves.
  • Sunglasses: Use close-fitting, wrap-around sunglasses that meet the Australian Standard AS1067 (Category 2 or 3). Category 4 lenses provide good UV protection but are very dark and aren’t safe for driving.
  • Sunscreen: Apply broad-spectrum, water-resistant SPF50 or SPF50+ sunscreen to exposed skin.

UV radiation in homes

UV exposure inside homes is generally low but may pose a small risk to people sitting near windows for extended periods or those with photosensitive skin conditions. The amount of UVA radiation that passes through depends on the type of glass:

  • Laminated glass: Completely blocks UVA radiation.
  • Tempered glass: Allows 71.6% of UVA radiation to pass through.
  • Smooth annealed glass: Allows 74.3% of UVA radiation to pass through.

To further reduce UV exposure indoors, consider:

  • Tinting windows
  • Shading windows with deep eaves, verandas, or awnings

If you think you may have been exposed to a cancer-causing agent, it is important to speak with a GP or health professional.

Questions you may have…

What risks do asbestos fibres pose during home renovations?

Asbestos fibres can cause lung cancer, mesothelioma, and other cancers when breathed in, particularly during renovations. Even though asbestos was banned in Australia in 2003, it is still present in many older buildings and materials like roofing, walls or flooring. Avoid disturbing these materials and never attempt to remove asbestos yourself—always hire licensed professionals. If you think you’ve been exposed to asbestos, let your doctor know. Stay aware of any changes to your health and seek medical advice if needed.

What are the health risks of second-hand tobacco smoke?

Second-hand smoke contains over 7,000 chemicals (69 known to cause cancer) and can lead to lung cancer, respiratory disease, heart disease, and stroke. It is more toxic than the smoke inhaled directly by the smoker because side-stream smoke, produced at lower temperatures and without a filter, contains higher concentrations of harmful chemicals and smaller particles that can penetrate deeper into the lungs. There is no safe level of exposure.

What is second-hand smoking and how can I protect against it?

Second-hand smoke is a harmful mix of smoke from a burning cigarette and the smoke exhaled by a smoker, while third-hand smoke refers to the toxic residues that linger on surfaces, clothing, and furniture long after smoking stops. Both pose serious health risks. Protect yourself and others by keeping your home and car smoke-free, avoiding environments where smoking occurs, and ensuring children and babies are never exposed.

How does UV radiation in Australia affect my cancer risk?

Australia experiences strong UV radiation year-round, even in winter, which increases the risk of skin cancer. An estimated 2 in 3 Australians will be diagnosed with skin cancer in their lifetime. The number is likely to be even higher in Queensland, due to its combination of high UV radiation levels, outdoor lifestyle and population composition.

Protect yourself by following the ‘Slip, Slop, Slap, Seek, Slide’ guidelines: slip on protective clothing, slop on SPF50 or 50+ sunscreen, slap on a broad-brimmed hat, seek shade, and slide on sunglasses. Consider sun protection at home and in cars, especially if you spend long hours driving, sit near windows for extended periods, or have photosensitive skin conditions. Taking these steps can help reduce your cancer risk.

Have other questions? Talk to us.

Our team is here to listen and support you.