Sexual wellbeing

Some types of cancer and treatments may cause some physical and emotional changes that can impact your sexuality and intimacy. We’re here to help you navigate cancer and intimacy with practical information and support.

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Our team is here to listen and support you.

About sexual wellbeing

Many people find the impact cancer has on their sexuality and intimacy to be one of the hardest aspects of life after cancer. Changes may only be temporary for some people, while others might need support or adapt to long-term changes.

If your sexuality or ability to be intimate changes as you navigate cancer, it can be difficult to talk about it with your partner.

Physical changes

The physical impacts of cancer and intimacy are the most obvious and often the most common. Treatment for some types of cancer can directly affect your sexual function, enjoyment, and libido – impacting your desire for intimacy during cancer treatment.

It’s important to speak to your healthcare team so you know what to expect. If you notice any changes during or after cancer treatment, share your concerns with your health care team. If they don’t know how to help you, they can direct you to someone who does.

Health professionals who can help

Nurse
administers drugs and provides care, information, and support throughout treatment

Cancer care coordinator
a specialist nurse who coordinates your care, liaises with other members of your health care team, and supports you and your family throughout treatment; care may also be coordinated by a clinical nurse consultant (CNC) or clinical nurse specialist (CNS)

Continence physiotherapist
provides exercises to help strengthen pelvic floor muscles and improve bladder and bowel control

Occupational
provides exercises to help strengthen pelvic floor muscles and improve bladder and bowel control

Physiotherapist
helps with restoring movement and mobility after treatment, strengthening pelvic floor, and recommending aids and equipment

Psychologist, counsellor, clinical psychologist*
help you manage your emotional response to diagnosis and treatment; provide support and advice about sexuality and intimacy

Sexual health physician/doctor*, sex therapist can help you, or you and your partner, with sexuality concerns before and after treatment

Emotional changes

Changes in intimacy are a common yet rarely discussed aspect of the cancer experience. Cancer and intimacy can affect both your physical relationships and emotional connections. You may notice changes in how you feel about your body and sexuality, while the emotional impact of cancer can influence your closest relationships.

Managing these changes alongside treatment can be challenging, but professional support is available. Speaking with a counsellor, psychologist or other healthcare professional can help you navigate cancer and intimacy and find ways to maintain or rebuild your personal relationships.

Speaking to a health professional

Sexuality is a normal and important part of health, but sometimes, cancer and intimacy can be overlooked among all the other aspects of your health.

Your doctor may not initiate the conversation for a few reasons:

  • Your doctor may think that if you don’t ask about sex, it’s something that you don’t want to talk about.
  • There may not be the time or privacy needed for a lengthy or sensitive discussion.
  • Your doctor may not feel comfortable talking about sex.
  • You may not know about the treatments available for many sexuality concerns, so you don’t think to ask your treatment team.

Cancer treatments can directly affect physical intimacy, so it’s important to understand what to expect and any precautions you may need to take. Your healthcare team can advise you about intimacy during cancer treatment and address any concerns or changes your experience. If they can’t help directly, they can connect you with specialists who can provide appropriate support and guidance.

Questions to get the conversation started

Sometimes it can be difficult to know how to approach the topic of intimacy and cancer with a health professional. These questions can help you get the conversation started, so you can get the medical advice and care you need.

Sexuality during treatment
  • Will this treatment affect my sex life, libido or sexuality?
  • What are the risks of treatment? Is there any chance this could permanently affect my sex life?
  • What can be done so I can keep enjoying sex and preserve sexual function?
  • How will this treatment affect my hormones?
  • Will this treatment affect my fertility? What can I do about it?
  • What changes are likely to be temporary? How long will they last? Are any changes permanent?
  • What treatment options are available to help with sexual issues after cancer?
  • When is it safe to have sex again?
  • When can I expect to feel like, or enjoy, having sex or being intimate again?
  • How soon can I masturbate?
  • I want to have sex, but I have no sexual thoughts and find it hard to feel aroused. What can I do?
Side effects and safety concerns
  • What sort of problems might we experience during intercourse or penetration?
  • It hurts when we have sex. What can we do about this?
  • Should we take any precautions when having sex?
  • What kind of contraception should we use and for how long?
  • Is it safe to get pregnant?
  • I am having trouble feeling confident about my body and reaching orgasm.
  • Will it always be like this?
  • I’m afraid I can’t satisfy my partner anymore. What can I do?
  • Sex doesn’t feel the same as it used to. What can I do?
  • Is there anything I should be careful about when I have sex?
  • Will the cancer come back if I have sex?
  • I just don’t have any feelings of sexual desire anymore, is there anything that could help?
  • Are there complementary therapies I could try? Or over-the-counter products I should avoid?
  • Can you refer me to a sex therapist?
  • Will I still experience the same sexual sensations after having this treatment?
  • Will menopause hormone therapy be necessary? Or can it be beneficial?
  • I have vaginal dryness. What do you recommend?
  • Is it safe to use an oestrogen cream?
  • I have pain when we try to have intercourse. What’s going on and how can I get help?
  • How can I stretch my vagina? Is it safe and who can help me learn about vaginal dilators?
  • How can I manage the symptoms of menopause?
  • Why can’t I get an erection? Will this be temporary?
  • What are the options if I can’t get an erection?
  • Why don’t I ejaculate anymore?
  • What can I do if I have pain during sex or when I get an erection?
  • What are the fertility preservation options available to me?
LGBTQIA+ specific questions
  • Is this health professional LGBTQIA+ friendly?
  • Can you recommend a health professional who is LGBTQIA+ friendly?
  • Will you include my partner in discussions about my sexual concerns and treatment options?
  • How will cancer treatment interact with gender affirmation hormones?
  • Do you know of any LGBTQIA+ support groups?

Questions you may have…

Is it safe to have sex with a cancer patient?

Yes, sex with a cancer patient is generally safe – cancer cannot spread through sexual contact and won’t make the condition worse.

During chemotherapy or radiation treatment, some simple precautions may be needed, like using barrier protection for a short time afterwards. Speak to your healthcare team for specific guidance based on your type of cancer treatment.

Is sex good for cancer patients?

Sex and intimacy can be both safe and beneficial for people with cancer and their partners. Physical intimacy can provide emotional support, reduce stress, and help maintain important relationships during treatment.

While there is no evidence that sexual activity will make cancer worse or cause it to spread, it is important to follow your health care team’s guidance.

Can cancer be transmitted through sex?

No, cancer cannot be spread through sex or sexual contact and won’t make the condition worse.

Have other questions? Talk to us.

Our team is here to listen and support you.