Physical activity and cancer

When you’re going through cancer, staying active might be the last thing on your mind. But more and more research is showing when it comes to physical activity and cancer, movement is important for health and wellbeing both during and after treatment. Whether you’re looking to maintain your strength, manage treatment side effects, or support your recovery, there are many gentle ways to stay active that can be tailored to what feels right for you.

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About cancer and exercise

The connection between physical activity and cancer is important – staying active can help you feel stronger and more like yourself during treatment and recovery. Whether you’re thinking about working out with cancer or returning to exercise after treatment, we can help you find ways to move that work for you.

Benefits of exercise for cancer patients

Research shows that staying active during your cancer experience can make a real difference to how you feel. When you maintain physical activity and cancer treatment together, you may notice:

  • Better sleep and more energy during the day
  • Less cancer-related fatigue
  • Improved response to some cancer treatments
  • Fewer complications after surgery
  • Shorter hospital stays
  • Easier weight management
  • A brighter mood and stronger sense of wellbeing

Types of exercises

Exercise during cancer can take many forms, and the best choice depends on how you’re feeling. Here are four main types of activity to consider:

Aerobic exercise

Also known as cardio, these activities gently raise your heart rate and can boost your energy. Walking, swimming, or cycling are great options – start slowly and build up gradually.

Strength and resistance training (weight training)

Using light weights or resistance bands can help maintain your muscle strength. Even simple exercises can make everyday activities easier.

Flexibility exercise

Gentle stretching helps keep your muscles and joints moving well. This can be especially helpful if you’re spending more time resting.

Balance exercise

Activities like gentle yoga can help you feel more stable and confident in your movements. Many of these exercises can be adapted to do while sitting.

Creating your exercise plan

Exercise for cancer survivors should be tailored to your individual situation. Your healthcare team can help develop cancer and exercise guidelines that consider:

  • Any medical equipment you’re using
  • Your bone strength and fracture risk
  • Risk of bruising or bleeding
  • Balance and coordination
  • Effects of treatment on your heart

Starting safely

Before beginning any exercise after cancer, talk with your healthcare team. You may be referred onto specialised allied health professionals such as occupational therapists, physiotherapists or exercise physiologists. These health professionals may have a special interest in cancer or have additional qualifications to be familiar with how cancer affects people. They can help you:

  • Start with activities that match your energy levels
  • Adapt exercises to accommodate side effects from treatment
  • Choose exercises that feel comfortable
  • Find ways to be active at home
  • Gradually build your strength and stamina
  • Stay safe while staying active

Remember, any movement is beneficial – even short walks or gentle stretching can help you feel better. Listen to your body and be patient with yourself as you find what works for you.

Questions you may have

Does exercise make cancer spread faster?

Working out with cancer does not spread cancer. In fact, research shows that physical activity and cancer will help someone maintain their general fitness, muscle mass and strength.

Does exercise help with cancer?

The benefits of exercise for cancer patients are better sleep and energy levels, to fight cancer related fatigue, boost mood, and improve how the body responds to some cancer treatments.

How can I see someone who understands how cancer affects my exercise?

You can request to a see a cancer specialised allied health member such as physiotherapist, exercise therapist or occupational therapist through your treatment centre, or access someone privately. You can also contact our 13 11 20 Information and Support Line to find out what’s available in your area.

How can I access a specialised exercise program if its not provided at my hospital?

Speak to your GP about a GP Chronic Health Management Plan. You can access five Medicare rebated sessions with an allied health member to help manage chronic conditions like cancer.

Can you exercise with lung cancer?

For any form of exercise during cancer, seek advice from your doctor, as every situation is different and will depend on the stage of lung cancer you have and the treatment plan.

Pulmonary rehabilitation is a 6-8 week exercise program where you receive education on exercise and how to manage your breathing. Your health care team can advise you of one in your area, or refer you to them.

What is the best exercise for cancer patients?

Physical activity and cancer will depend on the type of cancer you have, the cancer’s stage and treatment plan. There are exercise options for every stage of cancer. Connect with your doctor for which exercises are best for you – aerobic exercises, strength and resistance training, flexibility or balance exercises.

What about after I finish treatment?

After treatment, many people are surprised by how long physical recovery can take. Wellness or survivorship programs can help you rebuild strength, improve your quality of life, and feel more confident moving forward.

Ask your treatment team what’s available in your area, or contact our 13 11 20 Information and Support Line to find out more.

Have other questions? Talk to us.

Our team is here to listen and support you.