One of three types of cells found in the blood. These help the blood to clot and stop bleeding. Also called thrombocytes….

The basic units of the kidney that filter the blood. Nephrons also regulate blood volume, pressure and pH and levels of electrolytes and metabolites….

A pair of organs in the abdomen. The kidneys remove waste from the blood and make urine. The kidneys also produce hormones that stimulate red blood cell production and control calcium levels.

The formation of new blood vessels. This enables tumours to develop their own blood supply, which helps them grow.

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.

The soft, spongy material inside bones. Bone marrow contains stem cells that produce red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

A test that uses soundwaves to create images of the uterus, ovaries and other reproductive organs….

The written test results done on tissue removed during biopsy or surgery. It provides information about the cancerous tissue, including its size and location, hormonal status, how far it has spread, surgical margins and how fast it is growing….

The process of cleaning out the bowel (removing faeces) before a test or scan to allow the doctor to see the bowel more clearly.

A test where a needle is inserted into the spinal column to collect fluid. Also called a spinal tap.